Sterilisation

These are permanent methods of contraception that require an operation.

For people who have a uterus, the operation is called tubal ligation, tubal occlusion or “having your tubes tied”. The tubes that carry eggs to the uterus are blocked off. The operation is done in hospital and requires a general anaesthetic.

For people who have testicles, the operation is called a vasectomy. The tubes that carry sperm are blocked off. Semen is still ejaculated, but there is no sperm in it. A vasectomy can be done under local anaesthetic in a doctor’s surgery.

Things to consider

• Sterilisation does not protect you against STIs.
• Tubal ligation does not interfere with natural hormone production or the menstrual cycle. Sterilisation does not interfere with sexual drive.
• It cannot be reversed.
• After surgery, there may be some discomfort.
• After a vasectomy, it takes some time for all the existing sperm to be ejaculated (during sex or masturbation). Follow up tests are needed to check all the sperm has gone. It is important to use other methods of contraception until these tests have been done.

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